Philosophy Here and Now: Powerful Ideas in Everyday Life 4th Edition by Lewis Vaughn, ISBN-13: 978-0197543412
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Description
Philosophy Here and Now: Powerful Ideas in Everyday Life 4th Edition by Lewis Vaughn, ISBN-13: 978-0197543412
[PDF eBook eTextbook]
- Publisher: Oxford University Press; 4th edition (June 1, 2021)
- Language: English
- 528 pages
- ISBN-10: 0197543413
- ISBN-13: 978-0197543412
In lucid, engaging prose, this unique introduction relates the perennial questions of philosophy to students’ lives today
Philosophy Here and Now: Powerful Ideas in Everyday Life, Fourth Edition, is a topically organized hybrid text/reader that helps students understand, appreciate, and even do philosophy. The book emphasizes philosophical writing, reinforced with step by step coaching in how to write argumentative essays and supported by multiple opportunities to hone critical thinking skills. It shows students how philosophy applies to their own lives and brings the subject to life with engaging chapter ending literary selections, abundant illustrations, and a wealth of pedagogical features.
Table of Contents:
Cover Page
What People Are Saying About Philosophy Here and Now :
Title page
Copyright page
Preface
Topics and Readings
List of Readings
Main Features
New to this Edition
Ancillaries
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 Philosophy and You
1.1 Philosophy: The Quest for Understanding
The Good of Philosophy
Philosophical Terrain
1.2 Socrates and the Examined Life
1.3 Thinking Philosophically
Reasons and Arguments
Reading Philosophy
Fallacious Reasoning
Straw Man
Appeal to the Person
Appeal to Popularity
Genetic Fallacy
Equivocation
Appeal to Ignorance
False Dilemma
Begging the Question
Slippery Slope
Composition
Division
Obstacles to Critical Reasoning
Denying Contrary Evidence
Looking for Confirming Evidence
Motivated Reasoning
Preferring Available Evidence
The Dunning-Kruger Effect
Review Notes
1.1 Philosophy: The Quest for Understanding
1.2 Socrates and the Examined Life
1.3 Thinking Philosophically
Argument Exercises
Exercise 1.1
Exercise 1.2
Exercise 1.3
Narrative The Trial and Death of Socrates *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
List of Key Terms
Chapter 2 God and Religion
2.1 Overview: God and Philosophy
Why Religion Matters
Overview: The Philosopher’s Quest
Belief and Disbelief
2.2 Arguments for the Existence of God
Cosmological Arguments
Design Arguments
Ontological Arguments
2.3 God and the Problem of Evil
Rowe’s Argument from Evil
The Free Will Defense
The Soul-Making Defense
2.4 Theism and Religious Experience
2.5 Belief without Reason
James: Pragmatic Faith
Pascal: Betting on God
2.6 Eastern Religions
Buddhism
Hinduism
Daoism
Review Notes
2.1 Overview: God and Philosophy
2.2 Arguments for the Existence of God
2.3 God and the Problem of Evil
2.4 Theism and Religious Experience
2.5 Belief Without Reason
2.6 Eastern Religions
Fiction The Star *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
List of Key Terms
Chapter 3 Morality and the Moral Life
3.1 Overview: Ethics and the Moral Domain
Ethics and Morality
Moral Theories
Religion and Morality
3.2 Moral Relativism
Subjective Moral Relativism
Cultural Moral Relativism
3.3 Morality Based on Consequences
Utilitarianism
Ethical Egoism
3.4 Morality Based on Duty and Rights
3.5 Morality Based on Prima Facie Principles
3.6 Morality Based on Character
3.7 Feminist Ethics and the Ethics of Care
3.8 Albert Camus: An Existentialist Voice
3.9 Confucianism
Review Notes
3.1 Overview: Ethics and the Moral Domain
3.2 Moral Relativism
3.3 Morality Based on Consequences
3.4 Morality Based on Duty and Rights
3.5 Morality Based on Prima Facie Principles
3.6 Morality Based on Character
3.7 Feminist Ethics and the Ethics of Care
3.8 Albert Camus: An Existentialist Voice
3.9 Confucianism
Fiction The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
List of Key Terms
Chapter 4 Mind and Body
4.1 Overview: The Mind–Body Problem
4.2 Substance Dualism
4.3 Mind–Body Identity
4.4 The Mind as Software
4.5 The Mind as Properties
Review Notes
4.1 Overview: The Mind–Body Problem
4.2 Substance Dualism
4.3 Mind–Body Identity
4.4 The Mind As Software
4.5 The Mind As Properties
Fiction They’re Made out of Meat *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
List of Key Terms
Chapter 5 Free Will and Determinism
5.1 Overview: The Free will Problem
5.2 Determinism and Indeterminism
5.3 Compatibilism
5.4 Libertarianism
5.5 Sartre’s Profound Freedom
Review Notes
5.1 Overview: The Free Will Problem
5.2 Determinism and Indeterminism
5.3 Compatibilism
5.4 Libertarianism
5.5 Sartre’s Profound Freedom
Fiction A Little Omniscience Goes a Long Way *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
List of Key Terms
Chapter 6 Knowledge and Skepticism
6.1 Overview: The Problem of Knowledge
6.2 The Rationalist Road
Plato’s Rationalism
Descartes’s Doubt
Descartes’s Certainty
6.3 The Empiricist Turn
Locke
Berkeley
Hume
6.4 The Kantian Compromise
6.5 A Feminist Perspective on Knowledge
Review Notes
6.1 Overview: The Problem of Knowledge
6.2 The Rationalist Road
6.3 The Empiricist Turn
6.4 The Kantian Compromise
6.5 A Feminist Perspective On Knowledge
Fiction Through the Looking-Glass *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
List of Key Terms
Chapter 7 Aesthetics
7.1 Overview: Philosophy of Beauty
7.2 What Is Art?
7.3 Aesthetic Value
7.4 Plato, Aristotle, and Hume
Review Notes
7.1 Overview: Philosophy of Beauty
7.2 What Is Art?
7.3 Aesthetic Value
7.4 Plato, Aristotle, and Hume
Fiction The Oval Portrait *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
List of Key Terms
Chapter 8 The Just Society
8.1 Overview: Justice and Political Philosophy
8.2 Plato’s Theory: Justice As Merit
8.3 Social Contract Theories
Hobbes
Locke
Rawls
8.4 Socialist Theories
8.5 Feminism and Social Justice
Review Notes
8.1 Overview: Justice and Political Philosophy
8.2 Plato’s Theory: Justice As Merit
8.3 Social Contract Theories
8.4 Socialist Theories
8.5 Feminism and Social Justice
Fiction Lord of the Flies *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
List of Key Terms
Chapter 9 The Meaning of Life
9.1 Overview: Philosophy and the Meaning of Life
9.2 Pessimism: Life has no Meaning
9.3 Optimism: Life Can Have Meaning
Meaning from Above
Meaning from Below
Review Notes
9.1 Overview: Philosophy and the Meaning of Life
9.2 Pessimism: Life Has No Meaning
9.3 Optimism: Life Can Have Meaning
Fiction The Good Brahmin *
Probing Questions
For Further Reading
Appendix A: The Truth about Philosophy Majors
Careers
Salaries
Meaning
Resources
Appendix B: Answers to Exercises
Exercise 1.1
Exercise 1.2
Exercise 1.3
Appendix C: How to Write a Philosophy Paper
Basic Essay Structure
Introduction
Argument Supporting the Thesis
Assessment of Objections
Conclusion
Writing the Essay: Step by Step
Step 1. Select a topic and narrow it to a specific issue.
Step 2. Research the issue.
Step 3. Write a thesis statement.
Step 4. Create an outline of the whole essay.
Step 5. Write a first draft.
Step 6. Study and revise your first draft.
Step 7. Produce a final draft.
Appendix D: Evaluating Online Sources
Read Laterally
Read Critically
Use Google and Wikipedia Carefully
Check Your Own Biases
Use Trustworthy Fact-Checkers
Notes
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Appendix A
Appendix D
Glossary
Credits
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Appendix A
Index of Marginal Quotations
General Index
List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Lewis Vaughn is the author or coauthor of several textbooks, including Bioethics, Fourth Edition (2019); The Power of Critical Thinking, Sixth Edition (2018); Philosophy Here and Now, Third Edition (2018); Writing Philosophy, Second Edition (2018); and Living Philosophy, Second Edition (2017).
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