Adult Development and Aging 8th Edition by John C. Cavanaugh, ISBN-13: 978-1337559089

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Adult Development and Aging 8th Edition by John C. Cavanaugh, ISBN-13: 978-1337559089

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• Publisher: ‎ Cengage Learning; 8th edition (January 1, 2018)
• Language: ‎ English
• 496 pages
• ISBN-10: 1337559083 ‎
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-1337559089

ADULT DEVELOPMENT AND AGING makes it easier to study and learn. This best-selling development text helps you connect what you’re learning with real life while providing you with the tools you need to be successful in your course. Learning objectives, concept checks, review questions (organized by topic heading for quick review), and key terms (with definitions) help you focus on what’s important in each chapter.

Table of Contents:

Cover Page

Title Page

Copyright Page

Dedication

Preface

Acknowledgments

About the Author

1. Studying Adult Development and Aging

1.1. Perspectives on Adult Development and Aging

The Life-Span Perspective

The Demographics of Aging

1.2. Issues in Studying Adult Development and Aging

The Forces of Development

Interrelations Among the Forces: Developmental Influences

Culture and Ethnicity

The Meaning of Age

Core Issues in Development

1.3. Research Methods

Measurement in Adult Development and Aging Research

General Designs for Research

Designs for Studying Development

Integrating Findings from Different Studies

Conducting Research Ethically

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

2. Neuroscience as a Basis for Adult Development and Aging

2.1. The Neuroscience Approach

Neuroimaging Techniques

Neuroscience Perspectives

2.2. Neuroscience and Adult Development and Aging

How Is the Brain Organized?

What Age-Related Changes Occur in Neurons?

What Age-Related Changes Occur in Neurotransmitters?

What Age-Related Changes Occur in Brain Structures?

What Do Structural Brain Changes Mean? The Theory of Mind

2.3. Making Sense of Neuroscience Research: Explaining Changes in Brain-Behavior Relations

The Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory

Can Older Adults Compensate for Changes in the Brain?

Theories of Brain-Behavior Changes Across Adulthood

2.4. Plasticity and the Aging Brain

What Is Brain Plasticity?

Exercise and Brain Aging

Nutrition and Brain Aging

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

3. Physical Changes

3.1. Why Do We Age? Biological Theories of Aging

Metabolic Theories

Cellular Theories

Genetic Programming Theories

Implications of the Developmental Forces

3.2. Appearance and Mobility

Changes in Skin, Hair, and Voice

Changes in Body Build

Changes in Mobility

Psychological Implications

3.3. Sensory Systems

Vision

Hearing

Somesthesia and Balance

Taste and Smell

3.4. Vital Functions

Cardiovascular System

Respiratory System

3.5. The Reproductive System

Female Reproductive System

Male Reproductive System

Psychological Implications

3.6. The Autonomic Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

Psychological Implications

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

4. Longevity, Health, and Functioning

4.1. How Long Will We Live?

Average and Maximum Longevity

Genetic and Environmental Factors in Average Longevity

Ethnic Differences in Average Longevity

Gender Differences in Average Longevity

International Differences in Average Longevity

4.2. Health and Illness

Defining Health and Illness

Quality of Life

Changes in the Immune System

Chronic and Acute Diseases

The Role of Stress

4.3. Common Chronic Conditions and Their Management

General Issues in Chronic Conditions

Common Chronic Conditions

Managing Pain

4.4. Pharmacology and Medication Adherence

Patterns of Medication Use

Developmental Changes in How Medications Work

Medication Side Effects and Interactions

Adherence to Medication Regimens

4.5. Functional Health and Disability

A Model of Disability in Late Life

Determining Functional Health Status

What Causes Functional Limitations and Disability in Older Adults?

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

5. Where People Live: Person–Environment Interactions

5.1. Describing Person–Environment Interactions

Competence and Environmental Press

Preventive and Corrective Proactivity Model

Stress and Coping Framework

Common Theoretical Themes and Everyday Competence

5.2. The Ecology of Aging: Community Options

Aging in Place

Deciding on the Best Option

Home Modification

Adult Day Care

Congregate Housing

Assisted Living

5.3. Living in Nursing Homes

Long-Term Care in Nursing Homes

Who Is Likely to Live in Nursing Homes?

Characteristics of Nursing Homes

Special Care Units

Can a Nursing Home Be a Home?

Communicating with Residents

Decision-Making Capacity and Individual Choices

New Directions for Nursing Homes

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

6. Attention and Memory

6.1. Information Processing and Attention

Information-Processing Model

Attention: The Basics

Speed of Processing

Processing Resources

Automatic and Effortful Processing

6.2. Memory Processes

Working Memory

Implicit Versus Explicit Memory

Long-Term Memory

Age Differences in Encoding Versus Retrieval

6.3. Memory in Context

Prospective Memory

Source Memory and Processing of Misinformation

Factors That Preserve Memory

Training Memory Skills

6.4. Self-Evaluations of Memory Abilities

Aspects of Memory Self-Evaluations

Age Differences in Metamemory and Memory Monitoring

6.5. Clinical Issues and Memory Testing

Normal Versus Abnormal Memory Aging

Memory and Physical and Mental Health

Memory and Nutrition

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

7. Intelligence, Reasoning, Creativity, and Wisdom

7.1. Defining Intelligence

Intelligence in Everyday Life

The Big Picture: A Life-Span View

Research Approaches to Intelligence

7.2. Developmental Trends in Psychometric Intelligence

The Measurement of Intelligence

Primary and Secondary Mental Abilities

Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence

Neuroscience Research and Intelligence in Young and Middle Adulthood

Moderators of Intellectual Change

Modifying Primary Abilities

7.3. Qualitative Differences in Adults’ Thinking

Piaget’s Theory

Going Beyond Formal Operations: Thinking in Adulthood

Integrating Emotion and Logic

7.4. Everyday Reasoning and Problem Solving

Decision Making

Problem Solving

Expertise

Creativity and Wisdom

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

8. Social Cognition

8.1. Stereotypes and Aging

Content of Stereotypes

Age Stereotypes and Perceived Competence

Activation of Stereotypes

Stereotype Threat

8.2. Social Knowledge Structures and Beliefs

Understanding Age Differences in Social Beliefs

Self-Perception and Social Beliefs

8.3. Social Judgment Processes

Emotional Intelligence

Impression Formation

Knowledge Accessibility and Social Judgments

A Processing Capacity Explanation for Age Differences in Social Judgments

Attributional Biases

8.4. Motivation and Social Processing Goals

Personal Goals

Emotion as a Processing Goal

Cognitive Style as a Processing Goal

8.5. Personal Control

Multidimensionality of Personal Control

Control Strategies

Some Criticisms Regarding Primary Control

8.6. Social Situations and Social Competence

Collaborative Cognition

Social Context of Memory

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

9. Personality

9.1. Dispositional Traits Across Adulthood

The Case for Stability: The Five-Factor Model

What Happens to Dispositional Traits Across Adulthood?

Conclusions About Dispositional Traits

9.2. Personal Concerns and Qualitative Stages in Adulthood

What’s Different About Personal Concerns?

Jung’s Theory

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development

Theories Based on Life Transitions

Conclusions About Personal Concerns

9.3. Life Narratives, Identity, and the Self

McAdams’s Life-Story Model

Whitbourne’s Identity Theory

Six Foci Model of Adult Personality

Self-Concept and Well-Being

Possible Selves

Religiosity and Spiritual Support

Conclusions About Narratives, Identity, and the Self

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

10. Clinical Assessment, Mental Health, and Mental Disorders

10.1. Mental Health and the Adult Life Course

Defining Mental Health and Psychopathology

A Multidimensional Life-Span Approach to Psychopathology

Ethnicity, Gender, Aging, and Mental Health

10.2. Developmental Issues in Assessment and Therapy

Areas of Multidimensional Assessment

Factors Influencing Assessment

Assessment Methods

Developmental Issues in Therapy

10.3. The Big Three: Depression, Delirium, and Dementia

Depression

Delirium

Dementia

10.4. Other Mental Disorders and Concerns

Anxiety Disorders

Psychotic Disorders

Alcohol Use Disorder

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

11. Relationships

11.1. Relationship Types and Issues

Friendships

Love Relationships

Violence in Relationships

11.2. Lifestyles and Love Relationships

Singlehood

Cohabitation

LGBTQ Relationships

Marriage

Divorce

Remarriage

Widowhood

11.3. Family Dynamics and the Life Course

The Parental Role

Midlife Issues: Adult Children and Caring for Aging Parents

Grandparenthood

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

12. Work, Leisure, and Retirement

12.1. Occupational Selection and Development

The Meaning of Work

Occupational Choice Revisited

Occupational Development

Job Satisfaction

12.2. Gender, Ethnicity, and Discrimination Issues

Gender Differences in Occupational Selection

Women and Occupational Development

Ethnicity and Occupational Development

Bias and Discrimination

12.3. Occupational Transitions

Retraining Workers

Occupational Insecurity

Coping with Unemployment

12.4. Work and Family

The Dependent Care Dilemma

Juggling Multiple Roles

12.5. Leisure Activities

Types of Leisure Activities

Developmental Changes in Leisure

Consequences of Leisure Activities

12.6. Retirement and Work in Late Life

What Does Being Retired Mean?

Why Do People Retire?

Adjustment to Retirement

Employment and Volunteering

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

13. Dying and Bereavement

13.1. Definitions and Ethical Issues

Sociocultural Definitions of Death

Legal and Medical Definitions

Ethical Issues

13.2. Thinking About Death: Personal Aspects

A Life-Course Approach to Dying

Dealing with One’s Own Death

Death Anxiety

13.3. End-of-Life Issues

Creating a Final Scenario

The Hospice Option

Making Your End-of-Life Intentions Known

13.4. Surviving The Loss: The Grieving Process

The Grief Process

Typical Grief Reactions

Coping with Grief

Ambiguous Loss

Complicated or Prolonged Grief Disorder

Adult Developmental Aspects of Grief

Conclusion

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

14. Healthy Aging

14.1. Demographic Trends and Social Policy

Demographic Trends: 2030

Social Security and Medicare

14.2. Healthy Aging: Living Well in Later Life

What Is Healthy Aging?

Health Promotion and Quality of Life

Using Technology to Maintain and Enhance Competence

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Lifestyle Factors

14.3. Epilogue

Summary

Review Questions

Integrating Concepts in Development

Key Terms

References

John C. Cavanaugh is senior consultant for Pathseekers II Inc. and the former president and CEO of the Consortium of Universities of the Washington Metropolitan Area. His research interests focus on gerontology concerning family caregiving and the role of beliefs in older adults’ cognitive performance. In addition to this text, he co-authored HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: A LIFE SPAN VIEW, 9th edition, with Rob Kail. Dr. Cavanaugh is a fellow of the American Psychological Association, the Association for Psychological Science and the Gerontological Society of America as well as a past president of the Adult Development and Aging Division (Division 20) of the APA. He received his undergraduate degree from the University of Delaware and his Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame.

Fredda Blanchard-Fields, Ph.D., is Professor of Psychology and Chair of the department at Georgia Institute of Technology. Her current research interests include social cognition in adulthood and aging as well as everyday problem solving and emotion regulation from adolescence through older adulthood. She has been published in Psychology and Aging, Developmental Psychology, Current Directions in Psychological Science, and other journals. She is a fellow of both the American Psychological Association and the Gerontological Society of America and a member of the American Psychological Society, the Society for Research and Child Development, and the Psychonomics Society.

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