Criminology: Theories, Patterns and Typologies 13th Edition by Larry Siegel, ISBN-13: 978-1337091848

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Criminology: Theories, Patterns and Typologies 13th Edition by Larry Siegel, ISBN-13: 978-1337091848

[PDF eBook eTextbook]

• Publisher: ‎ Cengage Learning; 13th edition (January 1, 2017)
• Language: ‎ English
• 640 pages
• ISBN-10: ‎ 1337091847
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-1337091848

The bestselling text on the market and now in its thirteenth edition, CRIMINOLOGY: THEORIES, PATTERNS, AND TYPOLOGIES, delivers the most comprehensive, in-depth analysis of criminological theory and crime typologies available — showing you how criminology relates to criminal justice policy. Renowned for his unbiased presentation of theories, issues, and controversies, Dr. Siegel encourages you to weigh the evidence and form your own conclusions. The text includes cutting-edge seminal research, up-to-the-minute policy, hundreds of new references, and new material on the legalization of marijuana, ISIL and terrorism, mass shootings, cybercrime, green crime, and transnational crime. It also maximizes your study efforts through chapter objectives, end-of-chapter reviews, key concepts, concepts summary tables, and newsworthy examples that help you see how what you are learning applies in the real world, thereby equipping you with the tools you need to succeed.

Table of Contents:

Preface

Contents

Part One: Concepts Of Crime, Law, And Criminology

Chapter 1: Crime And Criminology

What Is Criminology?

Criminology And Criminal Justice

Criminology And Deviant Behavior

What Criminologists Do: Criminology In Action

Criminal Statistics And Crime Measurement

Socio-Legal Studies

Theory Construction And Testing

Criminal Behavior Systems And Crime Typologies

Punishment, Penology, And Social Control

Victimology: Victims And Victimization

How Criminologists View Crime

The Consensus View Of Crime

The Conflict View Of Crime

The Interactionist View Of Crime

Defining Crime

Crime And The Law

A Brief History Of The Law

Common Law

The Law In Contemporary Society

Shaping The Criminal Law

The Substantive Criminal Law

The Elements Of Criminal Law

Criminal Defenses

The Evolution Of Criminal Law

Ethical Issues In Criminology

Who To Study?

What To Study?

How To Study?

Chapter 2: The Nature And Extent Of Crime

Primary Sources Of Crime Data

Official Records: The Uniform Crime Report

Compiling The Uniform Crime Report

Are The Uniform Crime Reports Valid?

The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)

Survey Research

The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

Self-Report Surveys

Evaluating The Primary Sources Of Crime Data

Secondary Sources Of Crime Data

Cohort Research

Experimental Research

Observational And Interview Research

Meta-Analysis And Systematic Review

Data Mining

Crime Mapping

Crime Trends

Official Crime Trends

Victimization Trends

Trends In Self-Reporting

International Crime Trends

What The Future Holds

Crime Patterns

The Ecology Of Crime

Use Of Firearms

Social Class, Socioeconomic Conditions, And Crime

Age And Crime

Co-offending And Crime

Gender And Crime

Race And Crime

Cultural Bias

Economic And Social Disparity

Immigration And Crime

Chronic Offenders/Criminal Careers

Chapter 3: Victims And Victimization

Problems Of Crime Victims

Economic Costs

Individual Costs

The Cycle Of Violence

The Nature Of Victimization

The Social Ecology Of Victimization

The Victim’s Household

Victim Characteristics

Victims And Their Criminals

Theories Of Victimization

Victim Precipitation Theory

Lifestyle Theory

Deviant Place Theory

Routine Activities Theory

Caring For The Victim

The Government’s Response To Victimization

Victim-Offender Reconciliation Programs

Community Organization

Victims And Self-Protection

Victims’ Rights

Part Two: Theories Of Crime Causation

Chapter 4: Rational Choice Theory

The Development Of Rational Choice

Development Of Classical Criminology

Cesare Beccaria

Classical Criminology

Contemporary Choice Theory Emerges

The Concepts Of Rational Choice

Why Crime?

Choosing Crime

Offense And Offender

Structuring Criminality

Structuring Crime

Is Crime Rational?

Is Theft Rational?

Is Drug Use Rational?

Is Violence Rational?

Eliminating Crime

Situational Crime Prevention

Targeting Specific Crimes

Situational Crime Prevention: Costs And Benefits

General Deterrence

The Perception Of Punishment And Deterrence

Certainty Of Punishment And Deterrence

Severity Of Punishment And Deterrence

Speed (Celerity) Of Punishment And Deterrence

Analyzing General Deterrence

Specific Deterrence

Can Punishment Produce More Crime?

Incapacitation

Does Incarceration Control Crime?

Public Policy Implications Of Choice Theory

Police And Deterrence

Courts, Sentencing, And Deterrence

Just Desert

Chapter 5: Trait Theories

Foundations Of Trait Theory

Biological Positivism

Cesare Lombroso

The Legacy Of Biological Criminology

Sociobiology

Contemporary Trait Theories

Biosocial Theory

Biochemical Conditions And Crime

Neurophysiological Conditions And Crime

Arousal Theory

Genetics And Crime

Evolutionary Theory

Evaluation Of The Biosocial Branch Of Trait Theory

Psychological Trait Theories

Psychodynamic Theory

Attachment Theory

Mental Disorders And Crime

Behavioral Theory

Cognitive Theory

Personality And Crime

The Antisocial Personality

Intelligence And Crime

Public Policy Implications Of Trait Theory

Chapter 6: Social Structure Theories

Development Of Sociological Criminology

Quetelet And Durkheim

The Chicago School And Beyond

Socioeconomic Structure And Crime

The Underclass

Child Poverty

Minority Group Poverty

Social Structure Theories

Social Disorganization Theory

The Social Ecology School

Collective Efficacy

Strain Theories

The Concept Of Anomie

Merton’s Theory Of Anomie

Institutional Anomie Theory (IAT)

Relative Deprivation Theory

General Strain Theory (GST)

Sources Of Strain

Coping With Strain

Evaluating GST

Cultural Deviance Theories

Conduct Norms

Focal Concerns

Theory Of Delinquent Subcultures

Theory Of Differential Opportunity

Evaluating Social Structure Theories

Public Policy Implications Of Social Structure Theory

Community Policing

Chapter 7: Social Process Theories: Socialization And Society

Socialization And Crime

Family Relations

Educational Experience

Peer Relations And Crime

Religion And Belief

Socialization And Crime

Social Learning Theory

Differential Association Theory

Differential Reinforcement Theory

Neutralization Theory

Are Learning Theories Valid?

Social Control Theory

Self-Concept And Crime

Hirschi’s Social Bond Theory

Social Reaction Theory

Defining Crime And Deviance

Labeling Effects And Consequences

Primary And Secondary Deviance

Research On Social Reaction Theory

Who Gets Labeled? Differential Enforcement

Is Labeling Theory Valid?

Evaluating Social Process Theories

Public Policy Implications Of Social Process Theory

Chapter 8: Social Conflict, Critical Criminology, And Restorative Justice

The Historical Development Of Critical Criminology

Productive Forces And Productive Relations

A Marxist Vision Of Crime

Creating A Critical Criminology

Contemporary Critical Criminology

How Critical Criminologists Define Crime

How Critical Criminologists View The Cause Of Crime

Failing Social Institutions

Globalization

State-Organized Crime

Instrumental Vs. Structural Theory

Instrumental Theory

Structural Theory

Research On Critical Criminology

Race And Justice

Critique Of Critical Criminology

Alternative Views Of Critical Theory

Left Realism

Critical Feminist Theory: Gendered Criminology

Power–Control Theory

Peacemaking Criminology

Critical Theory And Public Policy

The Concept Of Restorative Justice

Reintegrative Shaming

The Process Of Restoration

The Challenge Of Restorative Justice

Chapter 9: Developmental Theories: Life Course, Latent Trait, And Trajectory

Foundations Of Developmental Theory

Criminal Career Research

Life Course, Latent Traits, And Trajectories

Population Heterogeneity vs. State Dependence

Life Course Fundamentals

Disruption Promotes Criminality

Changing Life Influences

Life Course Concepts

Problem Behavior Syndrome

Offense Specialization/Generalization

Early Onset

Persistence And Desistance

Theories Of The Criminal Life Course

Sampson And Laub: Age-Graded Theory

The Marriage Factor

Age-Graded Theory Validity

Social Schematic Theory (SST)

Propensity/Latent Trait Theories

How Can The Aging-Out Process Be Explained?

Crime And Human Nature

General Theory Of Crime

Trajectory Theory

Early, Late, And Nonstarters

Chronic Offending

Pathways To Crime

Adolescent-Limited Offenders Vs. Life Course Persisters

Evaluating Developmental Theories

Public Policy Implications Of Developmental Theory

Part Three: Crime Typologies

Chapter 10: Interpersonal Violence

The Causes Of Violence

Psychological/Biological Abnormality

Human Instinct

Substance Abuse

Socialization And Upbringing

Exposure To Violence

Cultural Values: Subculture Of Violence

Cultural Values: National Values

Rape

History Of Rape

Rape And War

Incidence Of Rape

Types Of Rape And Rapists

The Causes Of Rape

Rape And The Law

Murder And Homicide

Degrees Of Murder

The Nature And Extent Of Murder

Murderous Relations

Multiple Murders

Serial Murder

Mass Murders

Spree Killers

Assault And Battery

Nature And Extent Of Assault

Assault In The Home

Dating Violence

Robbery

Types Of Robbers/Types Of Robberies

The Calculating Robber

Acquaintance Robbery

Emerging Forms Of Interpersonal Violence

Hate Crimes

Workplace Violence

Stalking

Chapter 11: Political Crime And Terrorism

Political Crime

The Nature Of Political Crimes

The Goals Of Political Criminals

Becoming A Political Criminal

Types Of Political Crimes

Election Fraud

Abuse Of Office/Public Corruption

Treason

Espionage

State Political Crime

Using Torture

Terrorism

Terrorist And Guerilla

Terrorist And Insurgent

Terrorist And Revolutionary

A Brief History Of Terrorism

Religious Roots

Political Roots

Contemporary Forms Of Terrorism

Revolutionary Terrorists

Political Terrorists

Nationalist Terrorism

Retributive Terrorism

State-Sponsored Terrorism

Lone-Actor Terrorists

How Are Terror Groups Organized?

What Motivates The Terrorist?

Psychological View

Alienation View

Socialization/Friendship View

Ideological View

Explaining State-Sponsored Terrorism

Extent Of The Terrorism Threat

Response To Terrorism

Confronting Terrorism With Law Enforcement

Combating Terrorism With The Courts

Confronting Terrorism With The Law

Combating Terrorism With Politics

Chapter 12: Property Crime

A Brief History Of Theft

Theft In The Nineteenth Century: Train Robbery And Safecracking

Contemporary Theft

Occasional Thieves

Professional Thieves

The Fence

Professional Cargo Thieves

Larceny/Theft

Larceny Today

Shoplifting

Bad Checks

Credit Card Theft

Auto Theft

False Pretenses/Fraud

Confidence Games

Embezzlement

Burglary

The Nature And Extent Of Burglary

Residential Burglaries

Commercial Burglary

Careers In Burglary

Arson

The Juvenile Fire Starter

Professional Arson

Chapter 13: Enterprise Crime: White-Collar, Green, And Transnational Organized Crime

The Concept Of Enterprise Crime

White-Collar Crime

Nature And Extent Of White-Collar Crime

White-Collar Swindlers

White-Collar Chiseling

White-Collar Exploitation

White-Collar Influence Peddling

White-Collar Embezzlement And Employee Fraud

Client Fraud

Corporate Crime

White-Collar Law Enforcement Systems

Controlling White-Collar Crime

Green Crime

Defining Green Crime

The Harms Perspective

Forms Of Green Crime

Controlling Green Crime

Organized And Transnational Organized Crime

Origins Of Organized Crime

The Mafia

The Rise Of Transnational Organized Crime

Characteristics Of Transnational Organized Crime

Activities Of Transnational Organized Crime

Transnational Gangs

Controlling Transnational Crime

The Causes Of Enterprise Crime

Rational Choice: Greed

Rational Choice: Need

Rationalization/Neutralization View

Cultural View

Self-Control View

Chapter 14: Public Order Crime: Sex And Substance Abuse

Law And Morality

Debating Morality

Social Harm

Moral Crusades And Crusaders

Moral Crusades Today

Sexually Related Offenses

Paraphilias

Pedophilia

Prostitution

Prostitution Today

Incidence Of Prostitution

Prostitution In Other Cultures

Types Of Prostitutes

Who Becomes A Prostitute?

Controlling Prostitution

Legalize Prostitution?

Obscenity And Pornography

Child Pornography

Does Pornography Cause Violence?

Pornography And The Law

Controlling Pornography

Substance Abuse

When Did Drug Use Begin?

Alcohol And Its Prohibition

How Much Drug Use Is There Today?

Alcohol Abuse

Costs Of Substance Abuse

What Causes Substance Abuse?

Is There A Drug Gateway?

Types Of Drug Users And Abusers

Drugs And Crime

Drugs And The Law

Drug Control Strategies

Drug Legalization

Chapter 15: Crimes Of The New Millennium: Cybercrime

Development Of Cybercrime

The Stages of Cybercrime

Contemporary Cybercrime

Cybertheft: Cybercrimes For Profit

Computer Fraud

Theft From ATMs

Ransomware: Extortion Via The Internet

Illegal Copyright Infringement

Internet Securities Fraud

Identity Theft

Etailing Fraud

Cyberdeviance: The Darker Side Of The Net

Distributing Pornography

Ehooking

Distributing Dangerous Drugs

Cybervandalism: Cybercrime With Malicious Intent

Data Breaches

Worms, Viruses, Trojan Horses, Logic Bombs, And Spam

Website Defacement

Cyberstalking

Denial-of-Service Attack

Cyberbullying

Cyberspying

The Costs Of Cybercrime

Combating Cybercrime

Cybercrime Enforcement Agencies

International Treaties

Cyberwar: Politically Motivated Cybercrime

Cyberespionage

Cyberattacks

Cyberterrorism

Combating Cyberwar

Glossary

Case Index

Name Index

Subject Index

Larry J. Siegel, Ph.D., was born in the Bronx, New York. While living on Jerome Avenue and attending City College (CCNY) in the 1960s, he was swept up in the social and political currents of the time. He became intrigued with the influence that contemporary culture had on individual behavior. For example, did people shape society or did society shape people? He applied his interest in social forces and human behavior to the study of crime and justice. After graduating from CCNY, he attended the newly opened program in criminal justice at the State University of New York at Albany, where he earned both master’s and doctoral degrees. Dr. Siegel began his teaching career at Northeastern University, where he was a faculty member for nine years. He has also held teaching positions at the University of Nebraska at Omaha and Saint Anselm College in New Hampshire. He then taught for 27 years at the School of Criminology and Justice Studies at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, where he is now a professor emeritus. Dr. Siegel has written extensively in the area of crime and justice, including books on juvenile law, delinquency, criminology, criminal justice, courts, corrections, criminal procedure and policing. Larry, his wife Therese and their dog Sophie now live in Naples, Florida, where he continues to write on various topics and issues in crime and justice.

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