Introduction to Clinical Psychology 9th Edition by Douglas A. Bernstein, ISBN-13: 978-1108735797

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Introduction to Clinical Psychology 9th Edition by Douglas A. Bernstein, ISBN-13: 978-1108735797

[PDF eBook eTextbook]

• Publisher: ‎ Cambridge University Press; 9th edition (October 29, 2020)
• Language: ‎ English
• ISBN-10: ‎ 1108735797
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-1108735797

An up-to-date and scientific introduction to the science and practice of clinical psychology for undergraduate and graduate students.

Thoroughly updated and revised, the ninth edition of this bestselling textbook introduces students to clinical psychology as a bridge between science and practice. Extensive revisions since the previous edition have resulted in the most accessible, up-to-date and thematically integrated edition of Introduction to Clinical Psychology yet, while maintaining the authority and accessibility students and instructors have come to rely on. Updates include: three new co-authors who are internationally recognized scholar-practitioners; illustrations of how psychologists use evidence-based practices to help clients; the fictional ‘Jackson family’ case studies, providing vivid examples of a family confronting numerous mental health challenges; ‘Thinking Scientifically’ sections in each chapter, which break down how students can think critically with conflicting findings and use them to draw conclusions; ‘In Review’ tables at the end of each major section prompting students to review the material and test their comprehension; and an expanded image program, printed in color for the first time.

Table of Contents:

Half-title

Title page

Copyright information

Dedication

Contents

Detailed Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

Significant Dates and Events in the History of Clinical Psychology

1 What Is Clinical Psychology?

Chapter Preview

A Clinical Case

An Overview of Clinical Psychology

The Definition of Clinical Psychology

The Popularity of Clinical Psychology

What Does it Take to Become a Clinical Psychologist?

Clinical Psychology and Related Mental Health Professions

Clinical Psychologists at Work

What Do Clinical Psychologists Do?

Where Do Clinical Psychologists Work?

How Much Do Clinical Psychologists Earn?

Who Are Clinical Psychologists?

Who Are the Clients of Clinical Psychologists?

Clinical Psychology in the 21st Century

Science and Practice

Thinking Scientifically About Evidence

Eclecticism and Integration

The Health-Care Environment

Chapter Summary

2 Clinical Psychology’s Past, Present, and Future

Chapter Preview

The Roots of Clinical Psychology

The Empirical Tradition

The Psychometric Tradition

The Clinical Tradition

Clinical Psychology Begins to Grow

Psychological Testing Expands

Clinicians Become Psychotherapists

Clinicians Form Professional Organizations

Clinical Psychology Branches Out

The Psychodynamic Approach

The Humanistic Approach

The Behavioral Approach

The Cognitive Approach

The Cognitive Behavioral Approach

Social Systems Approaches

The Biological Approach

Comparing Approaches: The Case of Rachel Jackson

Looking Ahead

Mechanisms of Change and Transdiagnostic Approaches

The Burden of Mental Illness and the Science-Practice Gap

Mental Hospitals Versus Prisons and Jails

The Changing Landscape of Clinical Practice

New Approaches to Diagnosing Psychological Disorders

Chapter Summary

3 Basic Features of Clinical Assessment, Classification, and Diagnosis

Chapter Preview

A Clinical Case

An Outline of the Assessment Process

Receiving and Clarifying the Referral Question

Planning Data Collection Procedures

Collecting Assessment Data

Processing Data and Forming Conclusions

Communicating Assessment Results

The Goals of Clinical Assessment

Classification and Diagnosis

Description

Planning and Evaluating Treatment

Prediction

Factors Influencing the Choice of Assessment Instruments

Reliability

Validity

Standardization

Bandwidth Versus Fidelity: A Complex Tradeoff

Other Factors Affecting Assessment Choices

Clinical Judgment and Decision-Making

Clinical Intuition

Improving Clinical Judgment

Communicating Assessment Results

Report Clarity

Relevance to Goals

Usefulness of Reports

Ethical Considerations in Assessment

Chapter Summary

4 Interviewing and Observation in Clinical Psychology

Chapter Preview

Clinical Interview Situations

Intake Interviews

Problem-Referral Interviews

Orientation Interviews

Debriefing and Termination Interviews

Crisis Interviews

Ethnic and Cultural Issues in Clinical Interviews

Interview Structure

Nondirective Interviews

Semi structured Interviews

Structured Interviews

Stages in the Interview

Stage 1: Beginning the Interview

Stage 2: The Middle of the Interview

Stage 3: Closing the Interview

Evaluating the Quality of Interviews

Communication and Miscommunication in the Interview

Reliability and Validity of Interview Data

Observational Assessment

Goals of Observational Assessment

Limitations of Observational Assessment

Approaches to Observational Assessment

Naturalistic Observation

Controlled Observation

Behavioral Avoidance Tests

Research on Observational Assessment

Defining Observational Targets

Representativeness of Observed Behavior

Reliability of Observational Assessment

Validity of Observational Assessment

Chapter Summary

5 Testing in Clinical Psychology

Chapter Preview

Basic Concepts in Psychological Testing

What Is a Psychological Test?

How Are Tests Constructed?

Standardization and Score Interpretation

Avoiding Distortion in Test Scores

Tests of Intellectual Functioning

Theories of Intelligence

The Binet Scales

The Wechsler Scales

Other Intelligence Tests

Aptitude and Achievement Tests

Tests of Attitudes, Interests, Preferences, and Values

Tests of Psychopathology and Personality

Objective Tests of Psychopathology

Objective Tests of Personality

Projective Personality Tests

The Current Status of Psychological Testing

Reliability and Validity of Psychological Tests

Psychological Testing with Diverse Clients

The Ethical Use of Psychological Tests

New Roles and Goals for Psychological Tests

Chapter Summary

6 Basic Features of Clinical Interventions

Chapter Preview

Overview of Clinical Interventions

What Is Psychotherapy?

How Many Psychotherapy Approaches Are There?

The Participants in Psychotherapy

The Client

The Therapist

The Therapeutic Alliance

Settings for Psychotherapy

The Goals of Clinical Interventions

Building a Strong Therapeutic Relationship

Fostering Insight

Providing New Information (Education)

Assigning Extratherapy Tasks (Homework)

Developing Faith, Hope, and Expectations for Change

Ethical Guidelines for Clinical Interventions

The APA Ethics Code

Ethics and the Therapist’s Values

Some Practical Aspects of Clinical Intervention

Treatment Duration and Fees

Record Keeping

Case Formulation and Treatment Planning

Therapist Objectivity and Self-Disclosure

Termination

Two Broad Trends in Clinical Intervention

Chapter Summary

7 Research on Clinical Intervention

Chapter Preview

A Clinical Case

Methods for Studying Psychological Treatments

Basic Designs of Psychotherapy-Outcome Research: Past and Present

Results of Research on Individual Treatments

Client Satisfaction Surveys

Box Score Reviews

Meta-Analytic Studies

Empirically Supported and Evidence-Based Treatments

Evidence-Based Practice

Research on Common or Nonspecific Factors in Therapy

Results of Research on Other Modes of Intervention

Findings on Group Therapy

Findings on Couples Therapy

Findings on Family Therapy

Findings on Preventive Interventions

Findings on Self-Help Resources and Self-Help Groups

Findings on the Combination of Psychotherapy and Medication

Issues and Concerns About Research on Psychotherapy

Concerns and Compromises in Therapy Research

Chapter Summary

8 Psychoanalytic, Psychodynamic, and Humanistic Psychotherapies

Chapter Preview

Psychoanalysis

Freud’s Theory of Personality and Psychopathology

Foundations of Psychoanalytic Therapy

A Case Example of Psychoanalysis

Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

Adler’s Individual Psychology

Jung’s Analytical Psychology

Ego Psychology

Object Relations Therapy

Relational Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

The Current Status of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

Interpersonal Psychotherapy

The Current Status of Interpersonal Psychotherapy

Humanistic Psychotherapy

Person-Centered Therapy

The Goals of Person-Centered Therapy

A Case Example of Person-Centered Therapy

Gestalt Therapy

Existential and Other Humanistic Approaches

The Current Status of Humanistic Psychotherapy

Chapter Summary

9 Cognitive, Behavioral, and Acceptance-Based Psychotherapies

Chapter Preview

Behavior Therapy

Theoretical Foundations

Assessment in Behavior Therapy

Role of the Therapist

Goals of Behavior Therapy

Clinical Applications

Exposure Techniques

A Case Example of Exposure Treatment

Social Skills Training

Behavioral Activation and Activity Scheduling

Aversion Therapy and Punishment

A Case Example of Behavior Therapy

Cognitive Therapy

Theoretical Foundations

Goals of Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive Therapy Methods

Cognitive Behavior and Acceptance-Based Therapies

Theoretical Foundations and Extensions

Clinical Applications

Integrating Cognitive Behavior and Acceptance-Based Therapies

The Current Status of Cognitive Behavior and Acceptance-Based Therapies

Chapter Summary

10 Delivering Mental Health Services

Chapter Preview

Dissemination and Implementation of Clinical Interventions

The Challenges of Dissemination and Implementation

New Models for Delivering Therapy

Group Therapy

Therapeutic Factors in Group Therapy

The Practice of Group Therapy

Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy

Couples and Family Therapy

Diagnosis in Couples and Family Therapy

Couples Therapy Methods

Family Therapy

A Case Example of Family Therapy

The Social Contexts of Couples and Family Therapy

Alternatives to In-Person Therapy by Mental Health Professionals

Technological Innovations

Non-Specialist Providers

Prevention Science

Community Psychology

Self-Help

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Chapter Summary

11 Clinical Psychology for Youth and Older Adults

Chapter Preview

A Brief History of Clinical Child Psychology

Unique Characteristics of Clinical Child Psychology

A Focus on Developmental Stages

Attention to the Contexts of Behavior

Processes for Seeking Help

Confidentiality

Clinical Assessment of Children

Special Considerations in Child Assessment

Behavior Rating Scales

Clinical Interviews

Intelligence and Achievement Tests

Projective Tests

Behavioral Observations

Understanding and Dealing with Inconsistent Assessment Information

A Case Example

Treatment and Prevention of Child and Adolescent Disorders

Psychosocial Treatments for Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Pharmacological Interventions

A Case Example

Prevention of Childhood Disorders

The Future of Clinical Child Psychology

Diversity and Multiculturalism

Access to Care

Interdisciplinary Approaches to Research and Practice

Technology and Youth Mental Health

Clinical Geropsychology

A Brief History of Clinical Geropsychology

The Need for More Geropsychologists

Unique Characteristics of Clinical Geropsychology

Training in Geropsychology

Work Settings for Geropsychologists

A Focus on Life-Span Development

Clinical Assessment with Older Adults

Assessment Methods with Older Adults

A Case Example

Treatment of Older Adults

Special Considerations in Treating Older Adults

Treatment Methods and Settings

Pharmacological Treatments

A Case Example

The Future of Geropsychology

Diversity and Multiculturalism

Advancing Technology

Chapter Summary

12 Clinical Psychology, Health, and Well-Being

Chapter Preview

What Is Health Psychology?

Stress, Coping, and Health

Measuring Stressors

Adaptive Coping Strategies

Stress-Hardy Personality Characteristics

Social Support

Risk Factors for Illness

Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

Illness Prevention and Treatment Programs

Cardiovascular Diseases

Pain

Cancer

HIV/AIDS

Improving Adherence to Medical Treatment

Causes of Nonadherence

Interventions to Improve Adherence

A Case Example of Health Psychology

Chapter Summary

13 Clinical Neuropsychology

Chapter Preview

A Clinical Case

A Brief History of Neuropsychology

Early Influences

Development of Neuropsychological Assessment Techniques

Split-Brain Research

Research on Normal Brains

Basic Principles of Neuropsychology

A Modern View of Localization of Function

Modules and Networks

Levels of Interaction

Lateralization of Function

Patterns of Neuropsychological Dysfunction

Occipital Lobe Dysfunction

Parietal Lobe Dysfunction

Temporal Lobe Dysfunction

Frontal Lobe Dysfunction

Neuropsychological Syndromes

Neuropsychological Assessment

Neuropsychological Test Batteries

Individualized Approaches to Neuropsychological Testing

Neuropsychological Assessment and Rehabilitation

Neuropsychological Approaches to Psychopathology

Depression

Schizophrenia

Developmental Disorders

The Current Status of Clinical Neuropsychology

Chapter Summary

14 Forensic Psychology

Chapter Preview

The Scope of Forensic Psychology

Criminal Competence and Responsibility

Criminal Competence

Assessing Competence

The Insanity Defense

Assessing Sanity

Reforming the Insanity Defense

Assessing Psychological Status in Civil Cases

Assessing Psychological Damage in Tort Cases

Workers’ Compensation Cases

Civil Competencies

Psychological Autopsies and Criminal Profiling

Psychological Autopsies

Criminal Profiling

Child Custody and Parental Fitness

Child Custody Disputes

Custody Mediation

Termination of Parental Rights

Mental Health Experts in the Legal System

Chapter Summary

15 Training and Practice Issues in Clinical Psychology

Chapter Preview

Professional Training

The Boulder Conference

The Vail Conference

The Salt Lake City Conference

The Delaware Conference

Clinical Psychology Training Today

Professional Schools and the Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) Degree

Clinical Psychology Training Models

Evaluating Clinical Psychology Training

The Internship Imbalance

Professional Regulation

Certification and Licensure

ABPP Certification

Professional Ethics

Ethical Standards of the American Psychological Association

Implementation of Ethical Standards

Dealing with Ethical Violations

Other Ethical Standards

Regulation Through State Laws

Regulation Through Malpractice Litigation

Professional Independence

The Economics of Mental Health Care

Independent Practice

Prescription Privileges

Professional Multicultural Competence

A Case Study of Culturally Competent Therapy

The Future of Clinical Psychology

Training

Psychotherapy Integration

Interdisciplinary Science and Practice

Positive Psychology

Spirituality

Technology

Dissemination

Outreach to National and International Communities

A Final Word

Chapter Summary

16 Getting into Graduate School in Clinical Psychology

Chapter Preview

What Types of Graduate Programs Will Help Me Meet My Career Goals?

Research Versus Clinical Emphasis?

M.A., Ph.D., or Psy.D.?

Am I Ready to Make the Commitment Required by Graduate Programs at This Time in My Life?

Time Commitments

Financial Commitments

Academic and Emotional Commitments

Are My Credentials Strong Enough for Graduate School in Clinical Psychology?

Undergraduate Coursework and Experience

Graduate Record Exam Scores

Grade Point Average

Letters of Recommendation

Given My Credentials, to What Type of Program Can I Realistically Aspire?

I Have Decided to Apply to Graduate School in Clinical Psychology. What Should I Do Now?

How Do I Get Information About Graduate Programs and Identify ”Good” Ones?

What Does It Mean When a Clinical Psychology Graduate Program is Accredited by the American Psycholo

What Does it Mean When a Clinical Psychology Graduate Program is Accredited by the Psychological Cli

When Should I Apply, and What Kind of Timeline Should I Expect?

To How Many Programs Should I Apply?

How Much Will It Cost to Apply?

What Testing is Involved in Applying to Graduate School?

What is the GRE?

Should I Study for the GRE?

How Important is My Grade Point Average?

Will I Need Letters of Recommendation? If so, How Many and from Whom?

What Should I Know About Asking for Letters of Recommendation?

Will I Be Able to See My Letters of Recommendation?

What Should I Include in My Personal Statement?

Are Personal Interviews Required?

How Do I Prepare for an Onsite Interview?

What Kind of Financial Aid Is Available for Graduate Study?

When I Am Admitted to a Program, How Long Will I Have to Make a Decision About Whether to Accept?

Will I Be Successful in Gaining Admission?

What Are Your Rights as a Graduate Student?

Chapter Summary

References

Answer Key

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Chapter 10

Chapter 11

Chapter 12

Chapter 13

Chapter 14

Chapter 15

Name Index

Subject Index

Douglas Bernstein is Professor Emeritus at the University of Illinois, and Courtesy Professor of Psychology at the University of South Florida. He founded the APS Preconference Institute on the Teaching of Psychology and the APS Preconference Institute on the Teaching of Psychological Science at the biennial APS International Convention of Psychological Science. He served as the founding chairman of the APS Fund for the Teaching and Public Understanding of Psychological Science. He served for thirty years as chairman of the National Institute on the Teaching of Psychology and has won several teaching awards, including the APA Distinguished Teaching in Psychology Award.

Bethany Teachman is a Professor and the Director of Clinical Training at the University of Virginia in the Department of Psychology. Her lab investigates biased thinking that contributes to the development and maintenance of psychopathology, especially anxiety disorders. She received her PhD from Yale University, Connecticut, and her BA from the University of British Columbia. Dr Teachman has been awarded an American Psychological Association Distinguished Scientific Early Career Award, national mentoring awards, and she is a Fellow of multiple associations, including the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Currently, Dr Teachman is Chair of the Coalition for the Advancement and Application of Psychological Science and she received a Presidential Citation from the American Psychological Association.

Bunmi O. Olatunji is Gertrude Conaway Vanderbilt Professor of Psychology, Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Director of Clinical Training at Vanderbilt University, Tennessee. He has published more than 160 journal articles and book chapters. He has been the recipient of the American Psychological Association (APA) Division 12 David Shakow Early Career Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Clinical Psychology, the Association for the Advancement of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies New Researcher Award, and the APA Division 12 Theodore Blau Early Career Award for Distinguished Professional Contributions to Clinical Psychology. He is also the recipient of the APA Distinguished Scientific Awards for an Early Career Contribution to Psychology, which recognizes excellent psychologists who are at early stages of their research careers.

The late Scott O. Lilienfeld was Samuel Candler Dobbs Professor of Psychology at Emory University, Atlanta, and Visiting Professor in the School of Psychological Sciences at the University of Melbourne. His primary areas of interest were personality and personality disorders, individual differences in cognitive bias propensity, evidence-based practice in clinical psychology, psychiatric classification, and applications of scientific thinking to psychology. He was (twice) past-president of the Society for a Science of Clinical Psychology and the recipient of several awards, including the James McKeen Cattell Award for Lifetime Contributions to Applied Psychological Science from the Association for Psychological Science and the Ernst R. Hilgard Award for Lifetime Career Contributions to General Psychology from Division 1 (General Psychology) of the American Psychological Association. He was the editor-in-chief of the journal Clinical Psychological Science and author or co-author of over a dozen books, including 50 Great Myths of Popular Psychology (Wiley) and Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding (Pearson).

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