Step-Up to Medicine 6th North American Edition by Steven Agabegi, ISBN-13: 978-1975192716

Description

Step-Up to Medicine 6th North American Edition by Steven Agabegi, ISBN-13: 978-1975192716

[PDF eBook eTextbook]

• Publisher: ‎ LWW; Sixth, North American edition (May 18, 2023)
• Language: ‎ English
• ISBN-10: ‎ 1975192710
• ISBN-13: ‎ 978-1975192716

Make the most of your study time and confidently take the next step in your medical career with this bestselling review.

Step-Up to Medicine, 6th Edition, makes it easy to find information fast and take a confident next step toward a successful medical career. Ideal for preparing for clerkships or clinical rotations, shelf exams, and the USMLE Step 2, this bestselling volume in the popular Step-Up series provides a high-yield review of medicine in a concise, comprehensive approach.

This 6th Edition is thoroughly updated and enhanced throughout. Clinical pearls, full-color illustrations, and “Quick Hits” provide essential information in an efficient, easy-to-remember manner to ensure excellence on exams and confidence in clinical settings, and a 100-question practice exam reinforces exam readiness and boosts test-taking confidence.

Table of Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Advisory Board

Reviewers

Preface

Contents

1 Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Chest Pain

Ischemic Heart Disease

Stable Angina Pectoris

Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS)

Variant (Prinzmetal) Angina

Congestive Heart Failure

Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Arrhythmias

Terminology

Premature Complexes

Tachyarrhythmias

Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial Flutter

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia

Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia

Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) Syndrome

Summary of Atrial Tachyarrhythmias (Figure 1-11)

Ventricular Tachycardia

Ventricular Fibrillation

Bradyarrhythmias

Sinus Bradycardia

Sick Sinus Syndrome

AV Block

Diseases of the Heart Muscle

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Myocarditis

Pericardial Diseases

Acute Pericarditis

Constrictive Pericarditis

Pericardial Effusion

Cardiac Tamponade

Valvular Heart Disease

Mitral Stenosis

Aortic Stenosis

Aortic Regurgitation

Mitral Regurgitation

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Mitral Valve Prolapse

Rheumatic Heart Disease

Infective Endocarditis

Nonbacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis (Marantic Endocarditis)

Nonbacterial Verrucous Endocarditis (Libman–Sacks Endocarditis)

Congenital Heart Diseases

Atrial Septal Defect

Ventricular Septal Defect

Coarctation of the Aorta

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Tetralogy of Fallot

Diseases of the Vasculature

Hypertensive Emergency

Aortic Dissection

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Acute Arterial Occlusion

Cholesterol Embolization Syndrome

Deep Venous Thrombosis

Chronic Venous Insufficiency (Venous Stasis Disease)

Superficial Thrombophlebitis

Cardiac Neoplasms

Atrial Myxoma

Shock

Basics of Shock

Cardiogenic Shock

Hypovolemic Shock

Septic Shock

Neurogenic Shock

Obstructive Shock

Syncope

2 Diseases of the Pulmonary System

Obstructive Lung Diseases

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Asthma

Bronchiectasis

Cystic Fibrosis

Lung Neoplasms

Lung Cancer

Solitary Pulmonary Nodule

Mediastinal Masses

Diseases of the Pleura

Pleural Effusion

Empyema

Pneumothorax

Tension Pneumothorax

Malignant Mesothelioma

Interstitial Lung Disease

Overview

Interstitial Lung Diseases Associated With Granulomas

Environmental Lung Disease/Pneumoconiosis

Interstitial Lung Disease Associated With Hypersensitivity

Alveolar Filling Disease

Miscellaneous Interstitial Lung Diseases

Respiratory Failure

Acute Respiratory Failure

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Mechanical Ventilation

Diseases of the Pulmonary Vasculature

Pulmonary Hypertension

Cor Pulmonale

Pulmonary Embolism

Miscellaneous Topics

Pulmonary Aspiration

Dyspnea

Hemoptysis

3 Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System

Diseases of the Colon

Colorectal Cancer

Colonic Polyps

Diverticulosis

Angiodysplasia of the Colon (Arteriovenous Malformations, Vascular Ectasia)

Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia

Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (Ogilvie Syndrome)

Colonic Volvulus

Diseases of the Liver

Acute Liver Failure

Cirrhosis

Wilson Disease

Hemochromatosis

Hepatocellular Adenoma

Hepatic Hemangiomas

Focal Nodular Hyperplasia

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Malignant Hepatoma)

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Hemobilia

Liver Cysts

Liver Abscess

Budd–Chiari Syndrome

Jaundice

Liver Lab Tests

Diseases of the Gallbladder and Biliary Tract

Cholelithiasis

Acute Cholecystitis

Acalculous Cholecystitis

Choledocholithiasis

Cholangitis

Carcinoma of the Gallbladder

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Primary Biliary Cholangitis

Cholangiocarcinoma

Biliary Cysts

Biliary Stricture

Biliary Dyskinesia

Diseases of the Appendix

Acute Appendicitis

Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) and Carcinoid Syndrome

Diseases of the Pancreas

Acute Pancreatitis

Chronic Pancreatitis

Pancreatic Cancer

Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Diseases of the Esophagus

Esophageal Cancer

Achalasia

Diffuse Esophageal Spasm

Esophageal Hiatal Hernias

Mallory–Weiss Syndrome

Plummer–Vinson Syndrome (Upper Esophageal Webs)

Esophageal Rings (Schatzki Ring)

Esophageal Diverticula

Esophageal Perforation

Diseases of the Stomach

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Acute Gastritis

Chronic Gastritis

Gastric Cancer

Gastric Lymphoma

Diseases of the Small Intestine

Small Bowel Obstruction

Paralytic Ileus

Celiac Disease

Whipple’ Disease

Tropical Sprue

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Crohn Disease

Ulcerative Colitis

4 Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases

Diseases of the Pancreas

Diabetes Mellitus

Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Acute Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Obesity

Hypoglycemia

Insulinoma

Zollinger–Ellison Syndrome (ZES, Gastrinoma)

Glucagonoma

Somatostatinoma

VIPoma (Verner–Morrison or Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria Syndrome)

Diseases of the Thyroid Gland

Hyperthyroidism

Thyroid Storm

Hypothyroidism

Thyroiditis

Thyroid Nodules

Thyroid Cancer

Diseases of the Pituitary Gland

Pituitary Adenomas

Hyperprolactinemia

Acromegaly

Craniopharyngioma

Hypopituitarism

Diabetes Insipidus

Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone

Diseases of the Parathyroid Glands

Hypoparathyroidism

Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Diseases of the Adrenal Glands

Cushing Syndrome

Pheochromocytoma

Primary Hyperaldosteronism

Adrenal Insufficiency

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

5 Diseases of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

Cerebrovascular Disease

Ischemic Stroke

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Seizures

Movement Disorders

Parkinson Disease

Huntington Chorea

Tremor

Ataxia

Restless Leg Syndrome

Tourette Syndrome

Dementia

Overview

Alzheimer Disease

Altered Mental Status

Acute Encephalopathy

Coma

Demyelinating Disease

Multiple Sclerosis

Guillain–Barré Syndrome

Neuromuscular Diseases

Myasthenia Gravis

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Becker Muscular Dystrophy

Neurocutaneous Syndromes

Neurofibromatosis Type I (von Recklinghausen Disease)

Neurofibromatosis Type II

Tuberous Sclerosis

Sturge–Weber Syndrome

Von Hippel–Lindau Disease

Spinal Cord Diseases

Syringomyelia

Brown-Séquard Syndrome

Transverse Myelitis

Horner Syndrome

Poliomyelitis

Miscellaneous Conditions

Vertigo

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis or “Lou Gehrig Disease”

Aphasia

Bell Palsy

Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux)

How to Localize a Neurologic Lesion

6 Connective Tissue and Joint Diseases

Connective Tissue Diseases

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)

Sjögren Syndrome

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease

Crystal-Induced Arthritides

Gout

Pseudogout (Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease)

Myopathies and Pain Syndromes

Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies

Inclusion Body Myositis

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Fibromyalgia

Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Reactive Arthritis

Psoriatic Arthritis

Vasculitis

Vasculitis Overview (Figure 6-9)

Large-Vessel Vasculitides

Medium-Vessel Vasculitides

ANCA-Associated Small-Vessel Vasculitides

Immune Complex Small-Vessel Vasculitides

Variable-Vessel Vasculitis

7 Diseases of the Renal and Genitourinary System

Renal Failure

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

Chronic Kidney Disease

Dialysis

Proteinuria and Hematuria

Proteinuria

Hematuria

Glomerular Disease

Overview

Primary Glomerular Disorders (see Figure 7-4)

Secondary Glomerular Disorders

Tubulointerstitial Diseases

Acute Interstitial Nephritis

Renal Papillary Necrosis

Renal Tubular Acidosis

Fanconi Syndrome

Renal Cystic Diseases

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease

Medullary Sponge Kidney

Simple Renal Cysts

Renal Vascular Disease

Renal Artery Stenosis (Renovascular Hypertension)

Renal Vein Thrombosis

Atheroembolic Disease of the Renal Arteries

Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis

Sickle Cell Nephropathy

Stones and Obstructions

Nephrolithiasis

Urinary Tract Obstruction

Neoplasms

Prostate Cancer

Renal Cell Carcinoma

Bladder Cancer

Testicular Cancer

Penile Cancer

Miscellaneous Conditions

Testicular Torsion

Epididymitis

8 Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acid–Base Disorders

Volume Disorders

Approach to Volume Disorders

Hypovolemia

Hypervolemia

Sodium

Overview of Sodium Homeostasis

Hyponatremia

Hypernatremia

Calcium

Calcium Metabolism

Hypocalcemia

Hypercalcemia

Potassium

Potassium Metabolism

Hypokalemia

Hyperkalemia

Magnesium

Overview

Hypomagnesemia

Hypermagnesemia

Phosphate

Overview

Hypophosphatemia

Hyperphosphatemia

Acid–Base Disorders

Metabolic Acidosis

Metabolic Alkalosis

Respiratory Acidosis

Respiratory Alkalosis

9 Hematologic Diseases and Neoplasms

Anemias

Basics of Anemia

Microcytic Anemias

Iron-Deficiency Anemia

Thalassemias

Sideroblastic Anemia

Normocytic Anemias

Anemia of Chronic Disease

Aplastic Anemia

Macrocytic Anemias

Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Folate Deficiency

Hemolytic Anemias

Overview

Sickle Cell Disease

Hereditary Spherocytosis

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Platelet Disorders

Thrombocytopenia

Immune (Idiopathic) Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia, Type 2

Bernard–Soulier Syndrome

Glanzmann Thrombasthenia

Disorders of Coagulation

von Willebrand Disease

Hemophilia A

Hemophilia B

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Vitamin K Deficiency

Coagulopathy of Liver Disease

Hypercoagulable States

Anticoagulation

Heparin

Low–Molecular-Weight Heparin

Warfarin

Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Oncology

Epidemiology

Cancer Prevention and Screening

Principles of Cancer Staging and Therapy

Breast Cancer

Plasma Cell Disorders

Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance

Multiple Myeloma

Waldenström Macroglobulinemia

Lymphomas

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Leukemias

Acute Leukemias

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Myeloproliferative Disorders

Polycythemia Vera

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Essential Thrombocythemia

10 Infectious Diseases

Infections of the Upper and Lower Respiratory Tracts

Pneumonia

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Lung Abscess

Tuberculosis

Influenza

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Meningitis

Encephalitis

Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract (see also Chapter 3)

Viral Hepatitis

Botulism

Intra-Abdominal Abscess

Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI)

Infections of the Genitourinary Tract

Cystitis (Lower Urinary Tract Infections)

Pyelonephritis

Prostatitis

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Condyloma Acuminata (Anogenital Warts)

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

HIV and AIDS

Herpes Simplex

Syphilis

Chancroid

Lymphogranuloma Venereum

Pediculosis Pubis (Pubic Lice)

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections (SSTIs)

Cellulitis

Erysipelas

Necrotizing Fasciitis

Lymphadenitis or Lymphangitis

Tetanus

Infections of the Bones and Joints

Osteomyelitis

Acute Infectious Arthritis

Zoonoses and Arthropod-Borne Diseases

Lyme Disease

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)

Malaria

Rabies

Other Zoonoses

Common Fungal Infections

Candidiasis

Aspergillus

Cryptococcosis

Other Fungal Infections

Common Parasitic Infections

Fever and Sepsis

Fever of Unknown Origin

Toxic Shock Syndrome

Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections (CRBSIs)

Neutropenic Fever

Miscellaneous Infections

Infectious Mononucleosis

11 Diseases of the Skin and Hypersensitivity Disorders

KEY DEFINITIONS

COMMON SKIN DISORDERS

Acneiform Eruptions

Acne Vulgaris

Rosacea

Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Atopic and Contact Dermatitis

Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)

Contact Dermatitis

Papulosquamous Eruptions

Psoriasis

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Pityriasis Rosea

Lichen Planus

Allergic Reactions

Urticaria (Hives)

Angioedema

Anaphylaxis

Drug Reactions

Other Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders

Erythema Nodosum

Pyoderma Gangrenosum

Bullous Pemphigoid

Pemphigus Vulgaris

Vitiligo

SKIN CONDITIONS RELATED TO INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS

Warts

Molluscum Contagiosum

Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

Dermatophytes

Tinea Versicolor

Scabies

BENIGN AND MALIGNANT SKIN LESIONS

Benign Skin Lesions

Actinic Keratosis (Also Called Solar Keratosis)

Seborrheic Keratosis

Keratoacanthoma

Malignant Skin Lesions

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Melanoma

12 Ambulatory Medicine

Cardiovascular Diseases

Hypertension

Hyperlipidemias

Headache

Tension Headache

Cluster Headaches

Migraine

Upper Respiratory Diseases

Cough

Acute Bronchitis

The Common Cold

Sinusitis

Laryngitis

Sore Throat

Gastrointestinal Diseases

Dyspepsia

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Diarrhea

Constipation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Nausea and Vomiting

Hemorrhoids

MUSCULOSKELETAL PROBLEMS

Overview of Musculoskeletal Examination Maneuvers

Low Back Pain

Common Disorders of the Cervical Spine

Knee Pain

Ankle Sprains

Tendinitis and Bursitis

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Osteoarthritis

Osteoporosis

Diseases of the Eye

Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Glaucoma

Cataracts

Red Eye

Conjunctivitis

Amaurosis Fugax

Sleep Disorders

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Narcolepsy

Insomnia

Miscellaneous Topics

Obesity

Hearing Loss/Impaired Hearing

Urinary Incontinence

Fatigue

Erectile Dysfunction

Addiction Medicine

Overview of Substance Use Disorders (SUDs)

Alcohol Use Disorder

Opioid Use Disorder

Smoking

Health Maintenance

Appendix

Radiographic Interpretation

Chest Radiograph

Abdominal Radiographs

Electrocardiogram Interpretation

Electrocardiogram Pearls

Intravenous Therapy

Central Venous Line

Arterial Lines

Nutritional Support

Guide to Antibacterial Antibiotic Therapy

Physical Examination Pearls

Heart Sounds

Murmurs

Breath Sounds

Abdominal Examination

Neurologic Examination

Tumor Markers

Workup and Management of Common Problems

On the Wards

Hypotension

Hypertension

Chest Pain

Tachycardia

Oliguria

Fever in the Hospitalized Patient

Hypoglycemia

Change in Mental Status (Acute Encephalopathy)

Shortness of Breath/Acute Hypoxia

Basic Statistics and Evidence-Based Medicine

End-of-Life Issues and Informed Consent

Questions

Answers

Index

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